Primary Treatment
Primary treatment consists of removing contaminants by some physical mechanism:
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Screens remove debris which can clog the machinery.
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The wastewater flows into chambers where heavy solids such as sand and grit sink to the bottom; these solids are washed before being deposited in a sanitary landfill.
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It then goes to a primary settling tank where a significant portion of the organic solids settle to the bottom while fats, oils and grease rise to the top.
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Revolving primary clarifier simultaneously scrape the primary (untreated) solids from the bottom and skim the grease from the top.
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Secondary Treatment
Secondary treatment usually employs a biological process whereby a large population of micro-organisms help convert the remaining organic material into other forms which can be easily separated into solids and a clear liquid. Tertiary Treatment ertiary treatment is only required when the final effluent must be so clean that 95% or more of the contaminants must be removed by wastewater treatment. Tertiary treatment may include: ithin a few hours, the cleansing action of hundreds of miles of flowing river has been replicated within the series of tanks. The reclaimed water has more than 95% of the impurities removed and can be deposited into a river or stream without any adverse environmental impacts. This "effluent" is often cleaner than the water of the stream. The entire process from the time wastewater reaches the treatment plant to the time it is cleaned and "reclaimed" takes less than 12 hours.
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